It is the outer covering, a protective tough white layer called the sclera white part of the eye. The corneas main function is to refract, or bend, light. The structures and functions of the eyes are complex. Anterior structure just beneath the cornea which constitutes the colored region of the eye. The anatomy of the eye includes auxillary structures, such as the bony eye socket and extraocular muscles, as well as the structures of the eye itself, such as the lens and the retina. The sclera, or white part of the eye, protects the. The purpose of the retina is to receive light that the lens has focused. It is mainly responsible for vision, differentiation of colour the human eye can differentiate approximately 10 12 million colours and maintaining the. In higher organisms, the eye is a complex optical system which. The iristhe circular, colored area of the eye that surrounds the pupilcontrols the amount of light that enters the eye. Rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision including color differentiation and. Students learn about the anatomical structure of the human eye and how humans see light, as well as some causes of color blindness. The pressure generated by these fluids fills out the eyeball and helps maintain its shape.
Crosssection diagram showing the structure of the eye and a glossary explanation of the functions of different parts of the eyeball. Its function is to nourish the cornea, iris, and lens by carrying nutrients, it removes waste products excreted from the. The book is sprinkled with interesting illustrated historical vignettes reminiscent of those in the classical dukeelder, which add, for. There are 6 sets of muscles attached to outer surface of eye ball which helps to rotate it in different direction. Structure and function of the eyes eye disorders msd. The human eye can be compared to a camera as both functions by gathering, focusing, and transmitting the light through the lens for creating an image of an. The pupil appears as a black dot in the middle of the eye. The anatomy of the human eye with diagram of the eye. It is very clear, 98% water, and doesnt change from birth, unlike many fluids in the. Structure and functions of human eye with labelled diagram byjus. The human eye is one of the important sensory organs of the human body. Anatomy, structure and functions the eye is a sensory organ. The eye is a hollow, spherical structure measuring about 2. These topics help students prepare to design solutions to an.
Illustration shows the right eyeball with a section removed to see the interior structures. Visual acuity va is defined as the clarity of the image seen by the eye. The cornea is responsible for focusing most of the light that enters the eye. The rectus muscles arise from a fibrous ring that encircles the optic nerve at the optic foramen, the opening through which the nerve passes, and are attached. The middle vascular coat choroid, ciliary body, iris. In this article, we explain their anatomy, how they work, and describe some conditions that affect the. It absorbs light rays from our surroundings and converts them in such a way that the facts in the brain can be treated further. Structure and function of the eyes eye disorders merck manuals.
Lets have a glance on the human eye its structure and function. The most sensitive part of the retina is a small area called the macula, which has millions of tightly packed photoreceptors the type called cones. Eyes detect light and convert it into electrochemical impulses in neurons. The iris controls the size of the pupil, which is the opening that allows light to enter the lens. The high density of cones in the macula makes the visual image detailed, just as a highresolution digital camera has more megapixels.
In patients with keratoconus, the cornea becomes irregular and coneshaped, and progressively worsens vision. Each eye constantly adjusts the amount of light it lets in, focuses on objects near and far, and produces. The function of the vitreous gel is to help with optical power, maintain eye structure and retinal health. The basics on eyes the whole eye, called the eyeball, is about the size of a pingpong ball. The visible part of the eye is protected by eyelids and eyelashes. Ciliary body muscle a muscle that controls the shape of the lens to better focus the light onto the retina of the inner eye. The sclera provides structure and safety for the inner workings of the eye, but is also flexible so that the eye can move to seek out objects as necessary. It is covered by a thin membrane, called the conjunctiva, located near the front of the eye. Function muscle that controls how much light enters the eye. The spaces within the eye are filled with fluids that help maintain its shape.
The first thing were going to draw is the white part of the eye, which is known as the sclera. It holds the eye lens and adjusts the focal length of the eye. These muscles are the four rectus musclesthe inferior, medial, lateral, and superior rectiand the superior and inferior oblique muscles. Webmds eyes anatomy pages provide a detailed picture and definition of the human eyes. In this video, were going to talk about the structure of the eye. From the muscles and tissues to nerves and blood vessels, every part of the human eye is responsible for a certain action. Light enters the eye by passing through the transparent cornea and aqueous humor. The development of the eye is discussed in various ways. The current paper provides an overview of current knowledge on the structure and function of the eye.
The eye is a fluidfilled sphere enclosed by three layers of tissue figure 11. The corneas function is to contribute to image processing by refracting light as it enters the eye. The eyeball is located in the eye orbit, a round, bony hollow formed by several different bones of the skull. Anatomy of the eye the anatomy and physiology of the human eye is an important part of many courses e. The human eye is an organ that reacts to light and allows vision. Dec 12, 2011 the human eye slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. It is continuous with the choroid and its smooth muscles control the diameter of the pupil. They conduct experiments as an example of research to gather information. The conjunctiva runs to the edge of the cornea and covers the inside of the eyelid. The eyeball is divided into two sections, each of which is filled with fluid. The colorful structure of the eye that changes the shape of the pupil to allow for different amounts of light to enter the inner eye.
The human eyes are the most complicated sense organs in the human body. The human eye facts reveal that it is very complex in terms of both structure and function. The human eye facts, functions, structure and problems. Just as a camera lens focuses light onto film, a structure in the eye called the cornea focuses light. Function change the shape of the lens by contracting and relaxing helps focus on objects that are near and far.
It is filled with a fluid called the aqueous humor, which nourishes. Chapter 1, the formation of the human eye, focuses on. This is the relatively tough outer layer of the eye. It is mainly responsible for vision, differentiation of colour the human eye can differentiate approximately 10 12 million colours and maintaining the biological clock of the human body. This simple introduction the subjects of the eye and. Structure and functions of human eye with labelled diagram. This black area is actually a hole that takes in light so the eye can focus on. The retina is a lightsensitive inner lining at the back of the eye. Anatomy and structure of the eye brightfocus foundation. When we look at our face, it looks somewhat like this, thats my poor, attempted drawing of face, but if you were to concentrate only on the eye and get rid of all the skin, then you would be left with a ball. They provide animals with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision. It describes in depth the different parts of the eye that are involved in the ocular manifestations seen in the mucopolysaccharidoses mps. The whole eye, called the eyeball, is about the size of a pingpong ball.
The cornea not only protects the front of the eye, but also helps focus light on the retina at the back of the eye. It is a strong clear bulge located at the front of the eye. Chapter 1, the formation of the human eye, focuses on overall eye embryology, whereas most of the. Human eye, specialized sense organ in humans that is capable of receiving visual images, which are relayed to the brain. This is an excellent book which covers comprehensively the structure and function of the human eye as its subtitle implies.
In the process of visualizing an object, the light rays fall on that object. During their investigations, they test other students vision, gathering data and measurements about when objects appear blurry. The selection of subject matter is balanced, clearly presented and well illustrated. Transparent structure in the anterior eye, continuous with the sclera. Corneait is transparent in order to allow lights to enter into the eyes. Sclera a tough white skin made of tissue that covers all of the eyeball except the cornea.
Its wall has three distinct layersan outer fibrous layer, a middle vascular layer, and an inner nervous layer. In this video, were going to see the structure of this eye, the things that make up our eye. Keratoconus is an eye disorder involving a gradual change in the shape of the cornea the clear layer in front of the iris and pupil. It is very sensitive and exposed to various diseases, thus protection and prevention is necessary to keep the eye safe and healthy. Structure circular muscle, between cornea and lenscolored part of the eye. Most of the outer layer is composed of a tough white fibrous tissue, the sclera. Behind the iris, there is a transparent biconvex structure holed by cilliary muscles are known as eye lens. The retina contains the cells that sense light photoreceptors and the blood vessels that nourish them. Main eye parts and their functions human eyes functions. The main parts of the human eye are the cornea, iris, pupil, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, retina, and optic nerve. When we look at our face, it looks somewhat like this, thats my poor, attempted drawing of face, but if you were to concentrate only on the eye and get rid of all the skin, then.
The eye has many parts that must work together to produce clear vision. The mps are a group of rare inheritable lysosomal storage disorders characterized by the accumulation. They provide animals with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions. Learn about their function and problems that can affect the eyes. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Human eye anatomy parts of the eye and structure of the. Rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision including color differentiation and the perception of depth. The knowledge of eye parts and functions is both useful and interesting.
This keeps dirt, dust and harmful bright light out of the eye. To understand and learn about their function and problems that can affect the eyes. Eyes structure and function the eye transmits visual stimuli to the brain for interpretation and, in doing so, functions as the organ of vision. The iris allows more light into the eye enlarging or dilating the pupil when the environment is dark and allows less light into the eye shrinking or constricting the pupil when the environment is bright.
In this article we will discuss about the structure of human eye. When you talk of the human eye structure, they exist in pairs, each one being approximately 2. The anatomy of the eye includes auxillary structures, such as the bony eye socket and extraocular muscles, as well as the structures of the eye. Structure and function of the eyes eye disorders merck. Human eye structures and functions flashcards quizlet. It is a strong, transparent bulge located at the front of the eye. Functionmuscle that controls how much light enters the eye. The retina is a thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye on the inside. Structure of the eye is essential to understand as it one of the important sensory organs in the human body. It controls the amount of light that enters the eye by making the pupil larger or smaller. It is the outer covering, a protective tough white layer called the. What is the structure and function of the human eye. Structure, function, and disease medical news today.
The front section anterior segment extends from the inside of the cornea to the front surface of the lens. Ten different layers of cells work together in the retina to detect light and turn it into electrical impulses. This simple introduction the subjects of the eye and visual optics includes a simple diagram of the eye together with definitions of the parts. And were going to do that by drawing a crosssectional diagram of the eyeball. Human eye definition, structure, function, parts, diagram. Muscles on the surface of the eye which facilitate rotation of the eye.
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